Tyumen region

Direct: the Ural federal district

Economic region: the West-Siberian region

Territory: 1 435,2 thousand sq. km

Administrative centre: Tyumen

Distance from Tyumen up to Moscow - 2759 km

Large cities: Tyumen, Tobolsk, Ishim, Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk, Nefteyugansk

Region is formed August,14, 1944

Population (2002) - 3 272,2 thousand residents

Tyumen region occupies the most part of West Siberian plain and actually divides territory of Russia into two most parts to the west is Ural and the European part of the country, to the east - Asian: Siberia and the Far East. A basis of economy is an oil and gas extraction. The largest deposits of petroleum and gas of Russia are concentrated here. There are huge deposits of coal, peat and gold. It is extracted 65 % of the Russian petroleum, 92 % of natural gas. Tyumen region takes the leading place among regions of Russia on industrial production volume and gross public product. The region varies extremely natural-climatic conditions on the most part of the territory (90% of it is referred to regions of the Far North. The most part of territory (43 million hectares) is covered with woods. The region has significant ground resources: the general area of agricultural lands make from above 4 million hectares. Agricultural lands are concentrated in a southern part of region. Climatic conditions and agricultural lands in the south of region allow raising a grain, a potato, and vegetables, rough and juicy forages. The basis branch of agriculture is stock-raising, meat and meal directions, grain growing, reindeer breeding, fur trade, poultry farming.

Tyumen region is the independent subject of the Russian Federation. But its territory are two equal in rights to it subjects of Russian Federation, Hanty-Mansijskiy and Yamalo-Nenetskiy autonomous regions that carries it to the category of "difficulty constructed" subjects of the Russian Federation. According to the decision of the Constitutional court of Russian Federation, the territory and the population of Tyumen region are united; bodies of government are formed by all population of the region according to federal laws and contracts. 26 cities are in the territory of the region. The administration of Tyumen region works to all directions of the external economic cooperation. 316 joint ventures with the foreign capital are registered in the region.

The history of geological development of Tyumen region has caused a wide spreading in its bowels of huge stocks of minerals. The region has a significant natural source of raw materials, first of all hydro carbonic raw material makes up, 64% of Russian petroleum stocks and 91% of natural gas, having the Russian and world import. The region has opened about 500 petroleum and gas deposits. Except for hydro carbonic raw materials which are object of intensive economic using, there are stocks of other minerals. The region has huge stocks of peat, its deposits are allocated practically everywhere in the south of Hanty-Mansijsk region. The wood resources of the region take the third place in the Russian Federation (after Krasnoyarsk and Irkutsk regions). The total stocks of woods are estimated in volume 5.4 billion cubes of meters. Deposits of brown coal, iron and chromic ores, manganese, phosphoresces, lime, barite, gold are revealed and can be involved in development. The iodine underground water is in the southern part of region and contains more than half stocks of this valuable element in Russia. The region has about 400 deposits of raw material for manufacture of building materials.

Tyumen region is one of the steady social and economic conditions. There are processes of gradual stabilization; growth of industrial production is planned in economy of the region. A basis of economy of area is branches of a fuel and energy complex, which is necessary 93% of all industrial production. The nearest 10-15 years region remains the main supplier of power resources for Russia, and will play the important role in maintenance of the Western and the East Europe countries. Practically all petroleum and over 90 % of natural gas extract and take out. The system of the enterprises provides with easy hydro carbonic raw material for petrochemical and the gas enterprises of the country. The considerable development was received the electric power industry, providing needs of the region and passing energy surplus in other regions. The further development of electric power industry of Tyumen region is connected to development of new oil fields and gas. Wood and woodworking industry is the most important for region. The considerable part of made wood is taken out, and only a half of prepared volumes is processed. The machine-building complex basically is placed in the south of region. The share in total volume of manufacture makes 1.0 percent. The branch is submitted by the separate enterprises of oil-field and agricultural mechanical engineering, the automobile, aviation and electro technical industry, shipbuilding and instrument making. Last years the enterprises satisfy the needs of oil and gas and agro industrial complexes of region, motor industry, consumer goods output. Light and the food-processing industry are socially oriented branches. The light industry consolidate the enterprises of nine branches, making fabrics and a yarn, sewing and hosiery, carpets and carpet products, furs and products from natural fur, leather, footwear, fishing nets. The enterprises food and a process industry produce meat, fish and dairy produce, bread and bakery products, confectionery, tinned products.

The important branch of economy is agriculture providing industry with raw material, and the population articles of food. Gross dues of a grain makes up to 1,5 million tons, vegetables and a potato are over 700 thousand tons per one year. The regional fund of a grain is annually formed, guaranteed trade prices to the commodity producers which have concluded the contract, an advance of the future deliveries of a grain as material and financial resources is made.

The administration activity of the region in the foreign economic sphere is directed on assistance to realization of the international and external economic policy of the Russian Federation, development of cooperation with foreign partners in industrial, financial, intellectual and other spheres for maintenance of the most effective social and economic development of territory and increasing level of living of the population. There is a created network of commercial banks, investment funds, the insurance companies, trade houses for short term, modern telecommunications and the new mean of connection take root, there is a traditional realization of the international exhibitions - fairs, and also tenders on the right of development of oil and gas deposits and investment competitions. The region exports production of a fuel and energy complex (86.3%), petrochemical industry (3.45%), mechanical engineering (4.12%), wood products (2.41%), provisions raw material (1%). The region imports the production of mechanical engineering (65.62%), black and nonferrous metals (12.94%), provisions (8.63%), production of a petrochemical complex (6.4%). The foreign trade operations were carried out with firms of 91 countries - contracting party. The oil and gas enterprises are the basic participants of the foreign economic activity of the region. The wide program of the international cooperation on various directions of activity is carried out in the region, mutual contacts to many business sphere and firms of the Western Europe and other countries intensively are got right.